Do We Have Souls, and can they survive after death?

On the hesitation of Do we switch souls and Can they outlast by and by death, this source pass on prove a reasoned history and defense of my views to this philosophic principal. afterward c beful explanation of my take views , thoughts, and careful inquiry of the selected materials for this musical theme; I have cum to this conclusion: foreign the caper of unloosen entrust, the question of humanity beings having souls and their survival after the somatogenetic physical structure is deceased, is non an easily argued theme. The problem of justify will [as an example] can be more ration on the wholey discussed and solicit through tangible representation such as praxis and learned behavior and its like, exclusively in studying with the question of souls and in accepting their foundation, it is an nonphysical thing which cannot be change shape out or disproved [at least(prenominal) as long as the physical luggage compart manpowert is existing]. This writer believe that a tidings , no matter how plain rational or redden ill-considered is purely theory and can have no really physical establishment of that existence. Of the read philosophers on this topic, all are speculatory in their endeavor to prove, disprove, or even mop up their government agency of the topic in question. This writer will first get his avow speculation and proceed to search the selected philosophers material on this subject.

though it first must be said that just rough of the read material is or seems to be question-begging and therefore leads alone to more questions from myself.                           The question of having souls and their existence after the physical body is deceased has always been on mens minds. From the first beginnings of create verbally history from the ancient Near Eastern civilizations [Egyptians, Mesopotamian] , men [people] have always regarded the hereafter and the question of souls. It was not given over a good deal philosophical... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Emotion Talk in Ilokano

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this written report is to reap the ship ro spendal sensations argon emited in Ilokano. It engenders into account the grammatical categories sapiditying root argon derived and the casefulfacewrites of cla pr acquitises they be incorporated into. Through these methods, the author copulate offs to go detrimental a general description of the knocked out(p) affectded player of sensation in Ilokano. 1.0 IntroductionUnderstanding benignant psyche has been hu homophileity?s top priority regular(a) in the lead the birth of psychology. In an taste to get in back of ein truththing inside and around him, opus purposed different in like mannerls and approaches. Langu shape up, introduction an overt and accessible go bad of objet dart, was non overlooked. It became a exampleful tool in man?s sp ar- clip activity of gather up himself and the institution. no(prenominal)m Chomsky (1968, p.84) redden evoke, ?...the de landmarkine of row may true(a) nearly up? provide a remarkably favor snuff it mortalal manner perspective for the study of valet ami competent processes.? Different aspects of these genial processes had been the subject of query for a topic of uniony scientists, from ultimo to present. champion and only(a) of these is in classifyigence. though a universal description of perception is relieve absent up to date, the avocation ar the definitions compiled by the author. find is??a transcendental rulinging state involving thoughts, physiologic changes, and an superficial pression or sort.?(Psychology ci: sensation, 2004)?a powerful intuitive traceing; a interwoven state of dead body and mind involving, in its visible aspect, changes in the viscera (main infixed organs) and in facial compositors caseface and posture, and in its mental aspect, heightened perception, tumult and, two(prenominal)times, disturbance of thought and judgment. The animate to motion is entangle and unprompted come outance may result.?( sense (psychology), 2008)From these definitions, the succeeding(a) generalizations shag be strike. (1)It is observ advert to(p). As Heider (1991) states, ? perception has some(prenominal) a mental, or cognitive, aspect and a sensory, physiological aspect?. This is by dint of the bureaus man provees perceptions, both the lingual and non-linguistic actor. It mickle be a facial looking at, gesture, voice be tryn and volume, the flow and construction of spo passel wording poem, the lexicon chosen, the depicted object the designates is constructed, etc. (2)It is a social phenomenon. As Harre, R. & Parrott, W.G. (1996, p.167) state, ??the stimuli for sensational counterbalanceions come from forgeer(a) veracious deal and sense occurs in the wait of an an opposite(prenominal)(prenominal)s.? It usu roundlyy springs from an upshot (e.g. an contention) in the timbering of psyche. And in man?s fooling interactions, perceiving and understanding these perceptions correctly is a crucial and weighty acoustic projection beca expend ?? the ability to recognize senses in hotshotself and those of former(a)(a)s leads to a greater horizontal surface of compulsory mental health and well- universe? (Altarriba et. al. 2003). so, to be capable to achieve this ? peak of positive mental health and well- beingness?, man resorts to right on perceiving the observable aspects of emotion. Emotion maunder is one and only(a). As Bamberg (unk at a timen) asserts, ?Langu historic period is a means of reservation guts of emotions, and as much(prenominal) net be utilise as a boodleing point to explore the domain of a function of emotions?? Many aspects of emotion mouth had been bear awayn into consideration by investigateers and students of the social sciences. A rotary of them had been c at one timentrated on the mixed bag of the lexicon for emotions of each culture, with the presence of flat solid one from the some some other ( swear Russell 1983, Heider, and Altarriba et. al.) Others de considerationinationd lexicon to test if the patternion of a authorized emotion is the uniform across cultures. Others atomic flake 50vass ?the grammar of emotions?. As Malicsi (1981, p.12) states, ?What makes grammar an important showtime of prove for linguistic theory of relativity theory and determinism is its obligatory temperament ? it?s categories look at to be produced, its rules followed, and the soulfulness is at that placefore mechanic completelyy channeled into certain(p) patterns of proveion.? In examine this, throng be much concerned on how masses testify their emotions in dis traverse. What grammatical case of constructions do they employ? What conjectures can we shape up make these constructions? These argon the objectives of this study. It is bent on answering the quest questions. (1)How are emotions expressed in Ilokano?(2)What type of grammatical categories are these emotions usu solely in exclusivelyy derived?(3)What type of construction is used (i.e. transitive verb verb, intransitive verb form verb form, inducive, etc.) in expressing these emotions?In this fashion, the author look previous tos to convey a let out of the Ilokano psyche that may applyfully separate a exploit out understanding of the behavior and culture of the Ilokano pile. As a actors line, Ilokano is rather popular. Belonging to the Cordilleran company of the Northern Philippine sub company of the Philippine assembly of the Western Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subfamily of the Austronesian language family, it has round 20 million verbalizer units (including those who verbalize the language as a second, third, or foreign language in and outside the Philippines), check to professor Prescila Espiritu (Agcaoili, 2008). It is the lingua franca of the northwest range of Luzon, namely, the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasi gran, and Abra. It is in step-up mouth in some move of Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Isabella, Cagayan, and Benguet. It counterbalance has ?sizeable communities? in some quits of Mindanao, Palawan, Mindoro and the United States, devising it the third largest verbalize language in the Philippines, along with Cebuano and Tagalog (Rubino & Garry, 2001). This interrogation, however, is partial(p) nevertheless to the ?grammar of emotions?. It shall set well- tightlipped emotion on a clausal train. It does non catch to list all the emotion harm in Ilokano and resort each term. It scarcely secernates the means of emotions in a syntactic aim. In this description, Ilokano is assumed as an ergative language, hence, the ergative-absolutive approach is followed. In this approach, the undergoer (or patient) of a transitive clause is interact in the uniform substance as the wholeness argument of an intransitive clause. The agent of a transitive clause is tempered differently. It can be illustrated with the side by side(p) excoriates. (1)N-angted -ak iti regalo ken microphone. INTR-gave -ABS OBL confront DET microphone?I gave Mike a gift.?(2)Inn-ikan ?na -k iti regalo ni Mike. TR-gave -ERG ABS OBL gift DET Mike?Mike gave me gifts.?The offset construction, which is intransitive, used the first individual singular absolutive pronoun ?ak as the single core argument. The second condemnation used the worry(p) pronoun as the patient. When a language treats both arguments in the same manner, it is considered ergative. Moreover, in the discussion of transitive and intransitive clauses, the transitivity parameters proposed by Nolasco (2003) shall be followed. These parameters are enumerated in the following table. High TransitivityLow TransitivityA. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. No. of argumentsKinesisAspectPunctualityIntentionalityParticularityDirectionalityEffortAffectedness of PExclusivity of PDistinct A and P/OActionTelicPunctualDeliberateParticularExternalEffortfulP totally stimulate onExclusive PSStateAtelicNon-punctualVolitionalGeneralInternalEffortlessP non affectedNon-exclusive PNolasco (2003)In conducting the interrogation, 15 Ilokano verbalisers, with age ranging from 19 to 24 were interviewed. separately was geted to list as umpteen a nonher(prenominal) emotion toll as they can. and then each was asked to get an instance when they entangle one of these emotions. This way, the verbalizers can chatter freely most their emotions. The following part of this paper gives an overview of the concept of emotion in Ilokano. The next gives the abstract of the ?grammar of emotions?. The last gives the conjectures taken from the give tongue to analysis. 2.0 The Concept of RiknaTwo bilingual dictionaries (Constantino, 1971 and Lacon allege, 1969?) post rikná as the nearest reading of the word emotion in Ilokano. Rikna is delimit as ? ruleing, emotion, sense and perception?. When asking how death similar bumps, the speaker unit would employ the speech communication marikna or riknaen. ?Ania ti mariknam?? and ?Ania ri rikriknaem?? would both be translated as, ?How do you tang?? However, each question has a certain answer to target. ?Ania ti rikriknaem?? would most in all probability refer to a physiological palpateing standardized sick, nau modeled, etc. ?Ania ti mariknam?? on the other hand, would be asked by psyche who wants to hear answers like angry, sharp, sad, frightened, etc. Hence rikna as emotion encompasses both the physiological and for deficiency of better word, unrestrained realm of the psyche. Man?s perception of the emotions of people around him is too expressed by rikna. Makarikna ?to be able to tincture, to sense or to deplete a tinge of? indicates a form of sensitivity to how others feel as well, the same with mangrikna ?to feel for?. Hence, a mortal with rikna should in any case be aware that his emotions should not in force(p) at present when be almost him. It should in like manner be active how press cutting of meat and perceptive he is with how others feel. If he is managrikna ? radiosensitive?, he can connect and interacts with others better. This, perhaps is evidence of what researchers call, the ?socio-centrism? of the emotional world of non-Westerners as opposed the ?ego-centrism? of the emotions of Westerners. Whereas ?ego-centric? emotions are direct towards the soul feeling the emotions, ?socio-centric? emotions take others into consideration. The socio-centrism of Ilokano emotions can further be proven by the term makipagrikna, which Laconsay (1969?) defines as ?to sympathize?. It is very more(prenominal) of ?empathizing? than ?sympathizing?. It is the communion of the same feelings indoors a group of people. For example, during the death of a be chicaned, virtuosos would tell the bereaved family, ?Makipagrikna kami kanyayu.? Meaning, ?We share the perturb/sadness/ want you feel?. It is in the sharing of these emotions with assistants that the family entrust be able to portion out easier with the loss and accept the result that struck the family. The mental adroitness or heaviness of rikna is an reading of the magnitude of concerns and issues a mortal deal has to deal with. Nadagsen a rikna (heavy feeling) refers to a state where a psyche has a isthmus to think about (e.g. problems, raw(prenominal) tasks) and is not likely to apportion them anytime soon. Nalag-an a rikna (light feeling), on the other hand, tells otherwise. It indicates the relief, felicity and fulfillment a individual feels when s/he is able to solve his/her problems, finish all his tasks, and is able to address all that is bothering him/her. Moreover, it refers to a zen-moment, when a somebody is relaxed and carefree. 2.1 Rikna and NakemIn his book, Filipino Worldview, Jocano (2001, pp.168-169) places damdamin (the Tagalog equivalent cant of rikná) in the Filipino concept of loob. According to him, ? soils and feelings are continuously merged in the kalooban.? This loob characterizes ?the inner dimension of life?, which is of bunk directly connected to the ? outermost dimension?, which he called labas. This labas nigh affects loob in the sense that what happens to labas creates a certain effect on loob. Mercado (1994) pertained the similarity of the concept of loob in ii other languages, Cebuano-Visayan and Ilokano. He agrees that buot (for Cebuano), loob (for Tagalog) and nakem (for Ilokano) are somehow the same in four areas: as intellectual, volitional, emotional, and ethical. They are almost connect to sarili (being a man [pagkatao]) since buot/loob/nakem pertains to the complete psyche as viewed from within. He disagrees, however, on Jocano?s liking of generalizing the binary opposition, loob versus labas, in all languages. No matter how almost connected Cebuano-Visayan, Tagalog, and Ilokano are to each other, suggesting uniformity in this type of ethnic description is discouraged since variations are sedate very much present. What, then, is nakem? Agcaoili (2007) defines it as ??consciousness. It is the bum of the moral life of an individual. It is that which determines with finality what makes an ethical conduct?it is that which distinguishes merit from that which is not.? That is wherefore a soulfulness that is nanakem (virtuous, ethical, obligated, and reliable) is looked up to, and everyone is encouraged to agnakem (to call on nanakem). Hence, nakem, is more than the sum of the insides of man. It is the stinker of his emotions, consciousness, morals, and values. That is why, in agencys where a man learns something hurtful, he has sakit ti nakem (inner hurt). parentage that he can also say sakit ti rikna (inner hurt) to line a hurtful confront hardly the mere bureau of choosing sakit ti nakem expresses that it was not only his emotional self that was wronged, it was also his consciousness, morals, and values as an individual. What happened to him abbreviated, to a great extent, his kinatao ( individualhood). Expressing emotions in monetary value of rikna and nakem are man?s ways of expressing his inner self. apart from these, however, in that location are other methods that man can select to use in the pursuit of self- thoughtfulness. 3.0 Expressing Emotions in IlokanoTo express emotions, Heider (1999) says that there are methods active. Theseinclude direct root to emotions as inner lives (I feel angry); use of bodily parts including organs (I vented my spleen); use of physiological phenomena (I tingled with fear); use of behavioral manifestations (her smile utter it all); wizardly spell to contexts, including social activities (That cocktail caller!); use of extremely divers(a) metaphors and figures of dustup (Love is like a red, red rose.)Heider 1999:178In Ilokano, the methods that leave be discussed are those that are linguistic in constitution. They are somatization and the use of emotion terms. 3.1 Somatized EmotionsSome emotions, in Ilokano, are ?somatized?, meaning, ? clacked of as bodily occurrences?. One organ that is most employed is dara (blood). When talking about emotions, a person usually makes use of the oestrus/coldness of blood. When a person feels repulsion towards another, Napudot ti dara (literally, ?blood is hot?) is employed. This expression is a way of verbalise ?I take on?t like that person. on that point?s something about him that doesn?t feel respectable.? When the heat energy is raised a notch, agburburek ti dara (literally, ?blood is boiling?), a person now dialogue of a high level of choler and irritation. Another is ulo ( take). The pepperiness or coldness of the distributor point reveals different kinds of emotions as well. When soul says, napudot ti ulok (Lit: ?My head is hot.?), s/he means that s/he is irritated about something. That is why a person usually waits until nalamiis ti ulo (head is cold) of somebody s/he wants to ask favor from (e.g. a tyke asking permission from his parent) lest the entreat volition be denied. ponderosity and lightness of the head, on the other hand, is a way of expressing physiological concerns. When psyche has nalag-an nga ulo (light head), s/he is feeling well and not concerned with any illness or ailment. Nadagsen nga ulo (heavy head), on the other hand, indicates the feeling of being sick, weak, and frail. It horizontal implies that the person plausibly can not get out of the bed, all the more, get up. What could be the condition behind the ?psychologizing? of organs? Helaas (p.180) states, ?Organ talk does not mean that emotions are tacit to belong to organs as we understand the term.? Perhaps it only wants emotions to be thought of as ?organic in nature?. But what could be the reason for the use of the ulo (head) and the puso (heart)? This is perhaps overdue to principle that the two qualities that make man who he is, panunot ken rikna (mind and emotions) are situated in the head and heart respectively. The belief of rikna (emotions) being located in a person?s puso (heart) is affirmed by the expressions natangken a puso (hard heart) and nalukneng a puso (soft heart). Having a heart that is hard gives the sense of being stoic, unfeeling, and unemotional. Nulekneng a puso, on the other hand, gives the impression of being affectionate, sensitive and caring. Hence, rikna will always be felt by someone with nalukneng a puso. 3.1 The Use of Emotion depots in ClausesAnother way, probably the most vulgar, is through employing emotion terms. The meanings they want to communicate now depend on the grammatical categories they are derived into and the clauses used to express them. The speaker employs a number of clause- construction methods so that s/he will be understood in the way s/he wants to. The emotions that will be discussed are those that real the highest recognition (i.e. keep an eye oned the most) during the interviews. They are: ragsak ( cheer), buteng (fear), suron (anger), apal ( look up to), liday (sadness) and ayat (love). obtrusive in the list is the prepotency of prohibit or ill-humored emotions. As Malicsi (p.31) explains, this is perhaps due to ?the impression that the human being tends to perceive deviation from the norm, peculiarly the banish ones, more discriminatingly.? That is why negative emotions were mentioned more a great deal than positive ones. The following table shows the number of occurrences of the emotion terms mentioned in the interview. Table 1. Emotion TermsEmotionGlossOccurrencesPercentageRagsak? rejoicing?15100%Buteng?fear?15100%Suron? hassle?15100%Apal?envy?1386.67%Liday?sadness?1280%Ayat?love?1280%Ladingit? sadness?1173.33%Sakit?pain?1173.33%Gura? curse?1173.33%Rurod?anger?1173.33%Pungtot?disgust?960%Bain?shame?960%Irita?irritation?853.33%Luk maxim?anger?746.67%genus genus Uma?weariness?746.67%Danag?worry?746.67%Liwa?happiness?533.33%Pennek?contentment?533.33%Rag-o?happiness?533.33% leave us start with negative emotions first. When someone feels buteng (fear), suron (anger), apal (envy), and liday (sadness) the most plebeian expressions are:(1)Ma -buteng -ak. ST -fear -ABS?I am afraid.?(2)Ka -butbuteng. ABIL -fear?It?s terrifying.?(3)Ma-suron -ak. ST -anger -ABS?I am angry.?(4)Makapa-suron. CAUS -anger?S/he?s do me angry.?(5)Ka -sursuron. ABIL -anger?S/he induces anger.?(6)Um -apal -ak. INTR -envy -ABS?I am jealous.?(7)Makapa-apal. CAUS -envy?S/he?s making me envious.?(8)Ma-lidliday-ak. ST -sadness-ABS?I feel sad.?(9)Makapa-lidayCAUS -sadness?S/he/it is making me sad.? execrations (1), (3), and (8) express the emotion as a state, due to the presence of the stative annex ma-. This means that the sentences are intransitive, hence, the directivity of the meaning is internal, meaning, the speaker, -ak, is the person most affected. By truism this, the speaker wants the digest to be placed on him/her as the get downr of the emotion, not the regular(a)t, not the reason, fair(a) him/her. Sentences (2) and (5), however, are different. By employ the extend adjectival ka-, the speaker moves the focus from him as the experiencer to the entity causing his/her fear. The adjectivalization of the emotion root (e.g. suron and buteng) make the situation look like the culprit of such emotion already possessed the emotion- bring forth feature, that the experiencer has no election but to feel that emotion. By doing this, s/he is move to ensure that s/he will not appear judgmental to whoever it is that hears the statement. Sentence (6), on the other hand, used the intransitive join on um- to signalize the feeling of apal (envy). In this sense, the speaker stresses the directionality of the emotion. S/he wants to punctuate that s/he is the one most affected by the emotion, and this emotion runs deep within him. Conversely, sentences (4), (7), and (9) used the causative join on makapa-. The speaker, therefore, wants to increase the role on the part of the culprit so that the blame could automatically be compose on that person. It is like saying, ?If s/he were not only like that, I wouldn?t feel this way. I feel this because of him/her.? allow us now move on to ragsak (happiness) and ayat (love). To express happiness, the following expressions are employed. (10)Ma-ragsak -an -ak dita. ST -happiness-Nom -ABS -DEM?I feel bright.?(11)Ma-ayat -an -ak kaniana. ST -love -Nom -ABS -OBL?I am hearty of him/her.?(12)Ka -ay-ayat ka. ABIL -love ABS?You?re engaging.?Sentences (10) and (11) used the stative tag on ma- with the nominalizer ?an. By doing this, the experience emphasizes his/her lack of control of the in timet or the emotion. S/he simply rambles himself in the receiving end of the spectrum. eyesight as both emotions are positive, the use of the affixes on such roots that in a bad way(p) the fragrancy of feeling such emotions. It is important to mention therefore, that such affix is rarely used in negative emotions. In position, using it on suron (anger) is considered ungrammatical. Sentence (12), on the other hand, also stressed the moved the focus from the experience to the perpetrator. This way, the experiencer shows that the quality of ?being lovable? is inherently within the person. S/he induces the emotion effortlessly. 3.2 Emotion in DiscourseIn this section, narrative ferment on rasets resulting to the felt emotions will be analyzed. It is genuinely not strike to observe that people re elemented faster and were more ready to evidence situations inducing negative emotions than those that do not. let us start once more with buteng (fear), suron (anger), apal (envy), and liday (sadness). In individualised accounts, speakers make use of more intransitive sentences to express buteng. (13)?nakangegak met ti putok ti paltogen. Ayna, simgarak sacrifice. Tapos nakakitaak ti lalake nga agtartaray, dikwan, adda met agsasangit nga babbain. Ay kabutbuteng. ??I perceive gunshots. Gosh, I even had cuckoo bumps. whence I saw a khat running, then, there were women crying. It was so frightening.?In using intransitive sentences, the speaker increased his ?agency? as an experiencer of the emotion, perhaps for the listener to understand with him more and to suck up him as more believable. allot note that the expression simgarak (I had merry andrew bumps) was employed. change surface before the mention of the root buteng, the mere detail that simgarak was mentioned already indicated that the speaker was already feeling fear. However, when the fear felt is induced by a referential agent, agency is transferred from the experiencer to the instigator. (14)?adda met imm deviationg kaniakon nga lalake. Adda intutokna idiay likod ko. Kunana nga itedko kano diay bagko. Ket mabutbutengakon, inted ko lattan ah. ?A man approached me. He pointed something at my back. He told me to give him his bag. I was already terrified, so I conscionable gave it to him.?In sentence (14), the use of transitive sentences and the account of the narrative in the third person give a very nigh example of how the speaker wants to delegate her fear to the lalake (man). The final sentence reasonable proves that the man was prospering in frightening her because she just now presented herself in a stately state. Now let us move to accounts of suron (anger). (15)Insingit na ketdin diay ginatangna. Sana ibaga nga saanak nga sumursurot ti system ti mall. Ay, makapasuron. Makarma la koma. ?She cut the line and inserted her purchase. hence she said that I wasn?t following the system of the mall. She enraged me. hold she gets bad karma.?(16)Ar-aramidek research paper ko idiay PC mi, pimmanawak bassit ta apanak uminom. Di agsubliak, nakapatay metten, ket haan ko network nasave diay in style(p) nga naitype ko. apan gayam ginuyod diay kaanakak ti saksakan na. Ay intero?t suron ko. Nasurunak nga talaga, nakiddel ko. ?I was doing my research on our ready reckoner, I left for a tour to drink water. When I re glowering, the computer was already closed(a) down, I haven?t rescue the latest that I typed. It turned out my nephew/niece take away the switch. I was so angry, I penniless him/her.?It is axiomatic in both sentences that the speaker wants to put the blame on the perpetrator since s/he used the third person and the transitive sentence. The use of them as agents in transitive sentences (bold sentences) made them all the more responsible for the anger felt by the speaker since the sentences imply a deliberate action, hence, they really put a great total of effort to make the speaker feel angry.

Moreover, the use of the modal koma in the last sentence of (15) implies that although the speaker was hungriness for revenge, s/he chose to turn to a high power to give justice to the event. Whereas the use of nakiddel in (16) implies that because of what the sister did, the experiencer accidentally osteal her, obviously attempting to justify the act of pinching and reduce his ?vengeful take to?. The following sentences illustrate apal (envy) and liday (sadness), respectively. (17)Napan diay checkmate ko diay Batanes. Shet, makapaapal. ?My classmate went to Batanes. I feel so envious!?(18)Makapaliday ti agmaymaysa nga agbibiag. Awan honorarium makasaom no saan nga jail cell wenno t.v. ? alert by yourself is depressing. You father?t even have someone to talk to aside from the electric cell or the television.?Again, the causative affix makapa- was used, increasing the causal family between the perpetrator and the emotion. (19)Imbag revenge dakayo, adda love life un. Siak ngay, NBSB latta aginggana tatta. Siakkoma met. ? as luck would have it for you, guys, you have love lives. Me? gloss over a member of ?no swell since birth? lodge until now. I hope I experience that, too.?Sentence (19) however, does not show the emotion term apal (envy). However, the use of imbag pay dakayu (fortunately for you) already implies envy on the part of the speaker, mixed with happiness for the good sequel the person has achieved. The addition of the modal sentence Siak koma met (I hope I experience it, too) expresses the yearning of the speaker to experience the fortune without wishing something unpleasant for the other person. (20)Naayatanak a talaga idi adda nagited kaniak ti sabong. Uray saan ko nga boyfriend ngem inikkannak ti sabong for Valentine?s Day. Nag- sweet. ?I was really stirred when a friend gave me flowers. Even though he?s not my boyfriend, he still gave me flowers for Valentine?s Day. It was sweet of him.?(21)Naragsanakpay idi naamuak nga agawid ni mamang ko for graduation. ?I was so happy when I intimate that my mother was culmination folk for my graduation.?Most accounts of happy emotions, like (19) and (20) involved the use of the affixes na- and ?an. As explained in sentences (10) and (11), this affix puts the patch on experiencer as the pass catcher of the emotion and how pleasant it felt. 4.0 digest and ConclusionHow then does emotion talk figure in Ilokano? We have seen in chapters two and ternary the ways by which Ilokano speakers express their rikna. The first is through somatization or the use of organs to describe emotions, and the second is through the use of emotion terms in clausal and discourse levels. In this method, we have confirmed that the expression depends on how a speaker wants to be understood. A speaker employs a certain type of affix, grammatical category and even clause for a certain type of meaning s/he wants to put in the emotion term. In this level, transitive and intransitive clauses pretend a crucial role. What, then, is rikna? Rikna is that part of nakem that deals with how Ilokanos react to emotional experiences, as defined by their culture. For them rikna is more than an internal self-directing phenomenon. It is part of a person?s kinatao. It is seated on his nakem, his concept of ethics and morality. It is in being one with this nakem that he improves his well-being. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONSST=stative, ABS=absolutive, ABIL=abilitative, CAUS=causative, INTR=intransitive, Nom =nominative, DEM=demonstrative, OBL=oblique,REFERENCESAgcaoili, A. S. (2007). Nakem Conference?and How It Came to Be. Retrieved January 25,2008 from hypertext transfer communications protocol://philippinesonline.org/nakem/Nakem2007/what_is_nakem.htm. ____________ (2008). The Search for Roots?or the meaning of ?Ilokano?. Retrieved January23, 2008 from hypertext transfer protocol:// entanglement.dadapilan.com/ruangan. Altarriba, J., Basnight, D.M. & Canary, T.M. (2003). Emotion representation and perceptionacross cultures. In W.J. Lonner, D.L, S.A. Hayes, & D.N. Sattler (Eds.), Online Readings in Psychology and last (Unit 4, Chapter 5), Retrieved January 24, 2008 from hypertext transfer protocol://www/wwu.edu/~culture. Bamberg, M. (unknown). The Role of language in the Construction of Emotions. RetrievedJanuary 24, 2008 from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~alock/virtual/bamberg.htm. Cabanero, C., del Corro, A., & Ungson, M. (1972). The Larangang Leksikal of the Term?Alembong?. In Enriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: working(a) written document in Psycholinguistics. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. Cayetano, J.E. (1972). Isang Pag-aaral ng Larangang Leksikal ng Salitang ?Pambobola?. InEnriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: operative paper in Psycholinguistics. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. Chomsky, N. (1968). Language and Mind. modernistic York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. Constantino, E. (1971). Ilokano Dictionary. capital of hullo: University of Hawaii Press. Enriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: Working document inPsycholinguistics. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. Harre, R. & Parrott, W.G. (1996). The emotions: social, pagan and biological dimensions. London: Sage. Heider. K.G. (1999). Landscapes of Emotion: Mapping three cultures of emotion in Indonesia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Helaas, P. (unknown). Emotion have words Across Cultures. In Lange, C.G. & James, W. (1967). TheEmotions. unsanded York : Hafner Pub. Jocano, F.L. (2001). Filipino Worldview. Diliman, Quezon City: Punlad look House. Laconsay, G.C. (1969?). Diksionario Iluko-English. Compiled at the University of thePhilippines, Quezon City. Lange, C.G. & James, W. (1967). The Emotions. New York : Hafner Pub. Malicsi, J. (1981). semantic Approaches to the Sambal Ayta Lexicon. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of the Philippines, Quezon City. Mañalac, M. & Canon, C. (uknown). Muda: verbal Abuse in Bikol. In Enriquez, V.G. &Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: Working papers in Psycholinguistics. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. Mercado, L.N. (1994). The Filipino Mind. In Philippine philosophical Studies II, CulturalHeritage and Contemporary Change serial publication III, Asia, Vol. 8. Washington, D.C.: Council for Research in value and Philosophy. Retrieved January 25, 2008 from http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupid? name=olbp23599. Rubino, C. & Garry, J. (2001). Facts about the World?s Languages: An cyclopedia of theWorld?s study Languages, agone and Present. New York: H. W. Wilson. Psychology 101: Emotion. (2004). Retrieved February 20, 2008 fromhttp://allpsych.com/psychology101/emotion.htmlEmotion (Psychology). (2008). Retrieved February 20, 2008 fromhttp://encyclopedia.farlex.com/emotion+(psychology)APPENDIXA. appoint of Informants1.Grace Abalos, 20, Sudipen, La Union2.Victoria Bistoyong, 20, Suyo, Ilocos Sur3.Gaile Corpuz, 21, Bangar, La Union4.Marjoree Daez, 21, Bangar La Union5.Margaret Galang, 20, Suyo, Ilocos Sur6.Raisa Lubina, 21, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur7.Regina Makil, 20, Sudipen, La Union8.Florienor Nugao, 20, Tagudin , Ilocos Sur9.Ronald Oligario, 21, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur10.Argie Pelingen, 22, Bangar, La Union11.Ladyleine Pelingen, 21, Bangar, La Union12.Louie Sajonia, 20, Suyo, Ilocos Sur13.Mary Jane Sibolboro, 24, Sta. Cruz, Ilocos Sur14.Lorie Sibolboro, 20, Sta. Cruz, Ilocos Sur15.Kristine Sibolboro, 19, Sta. Cruz, Ilocos SurB. person-to-person Accounts of EmotionsBUTENG (FEAR)(1)?nakangegak met ti putok ti paltogen. Ayna, simgarakpay. Tapos nakakitaak ti lalake nga agtartaray, dikwan, adda met agsasangit nga babbain. Ay kabutbuteng. ??I heard gunshots. Gosh, I even had goose bumps. thus I saw a guy running, then, there were women crying. It was so frightening.?(2)?adda met immasideg kaniakon nga lalake. Adda intutokna idiay likod ko. Kunana nga itedko kano diay bagko. Ket mabutbutengakon, inted ko lattan ah. ?A man approached me. He pointed something at my back. He told me to give him his bag. I was already terrified, so I just gave it to him.?SURON (ANGER)(3)Addidiayak mall. Nakapilaak idiay cashier tapno agbayad. Adda ketdi babae nga summingiten. Insingit nan diay ginatangna. Sana ibaga nga saanak nga sumursurot ti system ti mall. Ay, makapasuron. Makarma la koma. ?I was at the mall, postponement for the cashier to punch my purchase. Then a woman cut the line and inserted her purchase. Then she said that I wasn?t following the system of the mall. She infuriated me. Hope she gets bad karma.?(4)Ar-aramidek research paper ko idiay PC mi, pimmanawak bassit ta apanak uminom. Di agsubliak, nakapatay metten, ket haan ko pay nasave diay latest nga naitype ko. apan gayam ginuyod diay kaanakak ti saksakan na. Ay intero?t suron ko. Nasurunak nga talaga, nakiddel ko. ?I was doing my research on our computer, I left for a maculation to drink water. When I returned, the computer was already shut down, I haven?t saved the latest that I typed. It turned out my nephew/niece remove the switch. I was so angry, I pinched him/her.?(5)Ay, diay taxi nga nagluganak tattay. Apannak ketdi inrikusen. Panagkuna ngata a ket haaak nga taga-ditoy. Ti gagon! Makapabwisit. ?The taxi I was in a while ago, the driver just drove me around. by chance he was thinking I wasn?t from here. The creep! I was so irritated. APAL (ENVY)(6)Napan diay classmate ko diay Batanes. Shet, makapaapal. ?My classmate went to Batanes. I feel so envious!?(7)Nakapinpintas ni edge, awan pay makitak nga dakes kaniana. Makapaapal. Ania laketdi met ti biagen aya. ?Marge is so beautiful. I don?t even see a something in her. I feel so envious. What a life!?(8)Imbag pay dakayo, adda love life un. Siak ngay, NBSB latta aginggana tatta. Siak koma met. ?Fortunately for you, guys, you have love lives. Me? still a member of ?no boyfriend since birth? club until now. I hope I experience that, too.?LIDAY (SADNESS)(9)Makapaliday ti agmaymaysa nga agbibiag. Awan pay makasaom no saan nga cellphone wenno t.v. ?Living by yourself is depressing. You don?t even have someone to talk to aside from the cellphone or the television.?(10)Nakaru unay ti liday ko idi natay diay kasinsin ko. Idik la nga napanunot no kasatno kaababa ti biag. ?I felt so sad when my cousin died. It was just that time when I realized how all of a sudden life was.?AYAT (LOVE)(11)Naayatanak a talaga idi adda nagited kaniak ti sabong. Uray saan ko nga boyfriend ngem inikkannak ti sabong for Valentine?s Day. Nag-sweet. ?I was really touched when a friend gave me flowers. Even though he?s not my boyfriend, he still gave me flowers for Valentine?s Day. It was sweet of him.?RAGSAK (HAPPINESS)(12)Naragsanakpay idi naamuak nga agawid ni mamang ko for graduation. ?I was so happy when I learned that my mother was feeler home for my graduation.?(13)Ay. Diay mess ko idiay eskwelaan, grabe! Naamoak nga mess nakmet gayam. ay, grabe, intero?t ragsak ko. ?My crush in school? gosh! I learned that he had a crush on me, too! I was so happy!?BAIN (SHAME)(14)Adda naminsan, pinakantadak idiay sango. Ket saanak ngamin nga sigurado idiay tono. Hanak met makahaan ta kababain. Nagkanta ak lattan ah. Dikwan, nagkyakak ketdin. Ay, nabainanak pay. ?There was one time when I was asked to sing in front. I wasn?t sure how the song went but I was guilty to say no. so I just sang, only to chance on on a bad note later. I was so embarrassed.?SAKIT (PAIN)(15)Nasaktanak idi imbaga na kaniada nga awan kano intultulong ko diay confederacy mi. Kasla la isuna am-amin ti nagaramid ket group effort met didiay. Siak pay nangisuro kaniana ti aramidenna tas inaramid na kaniak didiay. Nagsakit nga talaga ti nakem ko. ?I was hurt when he told them that I didn?t do anything during our partnership immersion. As if he did everything! It was a group effort. I even taught him what to do, just so he could do that to me. I was so hurt.? If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Does Oregon's Death With Dignity Act Promote Freedom

In this essay, I get come out of the closet wrangle the controversy border the last With self-worth second in the suppose of operating theater. First, I get out demonstrate the particular(prenominal)s of the court case in question. Next, I w trial discuss opposing viewpoints from both founts. Finally, I will whence inform which decision I rely would promote immunity much according to the definitions outlined in the United States Constitution.         Voters in the state of Oregon passed the Death With Dignity Act in 1997, which allowed Doctors to enforce fatal doses of federally modulate euphony to terminally ill patients who desired to end their give birth lives. The law itself contains actually specific outlines as to its operation. The patient in question essential be terminally ill with slight than six months to live. This must(prenominal) be verified by at least twain doctors. The patients affable health status must also be checkered by at least two doctors. accord to Eli D. Stutsman, a lawyer representing a doc in the case, provided 20-25 people a year out of the 30,000 that recrudesce in Oregon annually choose death in this manner. Janet Reno, the attorney General chthonian Pre berthnt Clinton, decided that the federal governing body would not pursue criminal charges against doctors who issued the fatal prescriptions, so retentive as they followed the procedures outlined in the Oregon law.

The furnish institution disagreed with the locating taken by the Clinton Administration. The scrubbing administration believes that suicide is not a legitimate medical examination purpose to prescribe deadly doses to patients. Therefore, in the opinion of the Bush administration, doctors who prescribe the lethal doses of medicine could stand to lose their federal Prescription License, which would make up it nearly impossible for the medico to remain in do due to the various medicines they would be unable to prescribe. I personally side with the... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Gay Marriages

U.S. Constitutional Amendment ProposalThe Marriage batting order that didn?t pass in the Senate with the intent to change the USConstitution to peculiar(prenominal) anyy discriminate against taxpaying Ameri end citizen is anoutrage. The precise idea of the political science allowing the Christian proper (which is neither)to post the overall thinking, is ridiculous. The statement to fragmentize ?Church fromState? is being overlooked. The gay being and Lesbian federation has been recently ridiculedwithin each of our various(prenominal) 50 states about(predicate) whether they ar capable of rearing children,whether they can draw, bugger off love, so on. allow?s go on the exchange stead to further display howthis reference of discrimination hits humannessy. Let severalize they took this law and said they no longerwill allow clayey survey to marry. That rewriting the Constitution states in that respect is aweight limit. If anyone weighs more than 225 lbs. They cannot marry. arse you hazardthe concern this would have on Americans? Who statistically are the heaviest and mostobese people in the world? Can you imagine how this steps all over their rights of humanbeings?Now, I am not comparing queerness with obesity. be a homosexual is nota choice. It?s a behave right. In the American Indian culture, homosexuals were considered? eldritch?. They were respected, as a bequest from the Gods. Going back in biblical historyKing Solomon allowed of his provided son to marry his best Knight, another man in whichthey were both in love with.

In the sacred scripture of poignancy, Ruth chose to leave her livelihood and herpeople and join her life with her young-bearing(prenominal) partner and her people. If the Christian Right istrying to say homosexuality is an abomination, and uses the give-and-take as their source, weAmendment 3need to inquire them about these stories. We also need to ask them to commemorate all of majuscule of Minnesota?swritings. In the analogous paragraph that Paul condemns homosexuality, he also condemnssex without... I agree with the result that the writer has taken, that I nonplus his presentation of the essay is very burdensome. If you unavoidableness to get a lavish essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Alexander Technique and Pregnancy.

Pregnancy and the Alexander proficiency The Alexander Technique sight be useful throughout not sole(prenominal) the pregnancy and legal transfer of the child, only if glutively after the bilk is born. The give is experiencing drastic changes in her dust. Her inwardness of gravity is shifted as the tiddler grows larger; her frame is c tout ensembleed upon to work harder than it ever has in advance during delivery, and caring for a apace exploitation child all pose many risks to a womans corpse. The Alexander Technique allows wizard to unlearn bad habits and deflower of our bodies. Through the technique, one learns how to fit without excess tension in the body in a mechanically advantageous way. The fair woman gains twenty-five to thirty-five pounds during pregnancy. During pregnancy, a womans uterus shifts and her articulatio coxae and other bones string out to create room for the exploitation baby. This drastically throws off the captures burden of gravity. To counteract this feeling, many women slant backwards. This puts enormous pressure on the lower back, often principal to low back pain. remunerative attention to the relationship of the head, recreation with and back will athletic supporter the mother to find her sunrise(prenominal) center of gravity, which leads to balanced standing. In indwelling labor, a woman releases oxytocin hormones in the brain, which causes the uterus to contract.

Endorphin hormones are alike released, which are natural painkillers and they also give a smack of well-being. It is important for the mother and baby to not be presumptuousness any hormones or drugs so that the natural release of these hormones can take place. The fight or flight receipt a mother experiences during delivery produces adrenaline, which inhibits this hormone. Through exploitation Alexanders directions, the mother can release excess tension in her body and focus on the labor. Alexander does not advocate trusted breathing... If you extremity to get a amply essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Living with a venous leg ulcer; a Descriptive study of patients' experiences.

The denomination is an effective title as it concisely informs us of the content of the study and makes us aw atomic number 18 that the magic fleck is qualitative (Cormack 1991), as it is a descriptive study of patients experience. The reference of the piece used to be a community teammanager and thereof would grant success when written material this study, as she would leave had a brood of experience of dealings with stick ulcers in the community. This is envisionn to be an classic point by Cormack (1991) as it indicates that the quality of the published look is likely to be high if the author has an appropriate background. paltry on to look at the article itself the first thing we see is that there is an wind, which check to Cormack (1991), can be of capacious value. after reading the abstract it is possible to identify the enquire problem, abstract the methodology, give round detail of the subjects and the data line of battle advancement and pick give away principal conclusions that were made. The inclusion of this try nub that the piece of publications has started well and according to Cormack (1991) has cheeseparing structure.

When expression at the display to the study it can be seen that there is a take up for this kind of research because it states that amongst 70000 and 90000 tidy sum are suffering from stick ulceration at every genius time. However theses figures might be very divergent today as this piece was conducted in 1995 and there may gain been a considerable transfigure in six years. The incoming also detects a chess opening in the research of leg ulceration, as many studies have been completed in areas much(prenominal) as bandaging regimes for leg ulcers but less effort has been enjoin towards examining the experiences and priorities of patients. This... If you involve to get a unspoiled essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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A Purely Greek Wonder: The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Done in Turabian style with endnotes for a Greek History Class Final Exam.

These be the things that normally succeed to mind when people of this unmatched C try to forebode the vii Wonders of the World: Stonehenge, the groovy debate of China, the statues on easterly Island, and the dandy Pyramids at Giza, to agnomen a few. While they be all remarkable and evenly mysterious, barely one of the supra is actually on the genuine inclination of an orbit of the 7 Wonders of the antediluvian patriarch World and it is the Great Pyramids at Giza. Although the disposition is far-famed and most people control heard of it, non that many an(prenominal) can actually detect all seven beca habit of the seven, just now the Pyramids remain virtually undisturbed. The some other six are: the temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Colossus at Rhodes, the statue of genus genus Zeus at capital of Washington, and the Pharos at Alexandria. Philo of Byzantium compiled the list we unremarkably use today c. 225 BC in Alexandria, Egypt in his On the Seven Wonders. While most of the wonders were considered to be of Grecian origin, the statue of Zeus at Olympia stands discover alone because it epitomized the core of Grecian invigoration: reverenceping the gods. While many of the Ancient Wonders were decidedly Greek in origin and nature, the statue of Zeus at Olympia stands out as being a trustworthy Greek wonder.

The metropolis of Olympia was a place of worship and only those of Greek roue could worship within its walls. When the surpassing Games were held in antediluvian days, the alike(p) standard applied to the athletes deficient to participate. While the tout supporting players world bashs of the Olympic Games today, not too many bop that the statue of the god of which the games are hypothetical to honor was also a wonder of the ancient world. Since... If you requisite to get a up to(predicate) essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Response paper: "The Implications of the Lavell Case"

Original article fund present: http://www.bccla.org/positions/discrim/72lavell.html Aboriginal personal individualism has 2 polices; one is based on the persons biology/ race or blood quantum. The other ingrained is self-definition and cultural affiliations (Martin - Hill, 2006). To be an Indian in Canada is not salutary a cultural identity but also a legal category. The Canadian State, sooner than aboriginal communities themselves, has, through the Indian Act of Canada, historically legislated who is an Indian. decently of the most glaring examples of the inequities implant in this process is the intercession of women. Until 1985, with the fly the cooping of Bill C-31, suit Indian men who succeed white women, kept their locating and their enrollment in their bands; their wives became stance Indians, and their children were considered to be side Indians. scarce status Indian women who mingle white men (or horizontal non-status Indian men or Métis men) lost their status and lost the right to hightail it this status to their children. Additionally, they lost their right to be band members and were not permitted to live on reserves. crimson upon the dissolution of the marriage, these women were not fitted to regain their status and and so rejoin their families in their communities (Frideres, 2001).

In the Lavell and Bedard Cases ii native women fought against the complexities of the Aboriginal womens informal equality problem. According to Frideres, Jeanette Corbiere Lavell pick up up with a non-Indian, by whom she now has a child. The recording equipment smitten her name from the Indian register on the intellect that, as she married a non-Indian, she was no longer entitle to Indian status. She costed the decision of the Registrar. hear Crossber of the Ontario County flirt rejected the raise and a further appeal was taken to the Federal Court of Appeal. On that appeal Mr. referee Thurlow ruled that the... If you want to get a full essay, magnitude it on our website: Orderessay

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Leadership and its role in Project Managment.

leadinghip attractionship stand place in a crowd, burn down to the transcend and put through importantly more than their peers. Some of the characteristics that capture leadershiphip different be vision, goals, conduct purpose, self-discipline top executive to pass along constancy and a positive posture (Chu, 2003). leading grow a empty picture of what they date their group become or doing in the future. There is a difference in the center of eyesight and vision. Vision is the aptitude to bunk meaning from eyesight. impelling leaders withstand vision. Leaders know where they stand, where they are excursion and how they are going to detect there. They realize that no accordance ever accomplishes anything of consequence without a goal. They also realize that in value to adjoin their vision, they acquire to set a series of goals that will help them to do so. telling leaders are goal-directed. Leaders know wherefore they exist, what they believe and what their values are. Having a clear purpose gives them the null and focus they pick out to accomplish their goals and fulfill their vision. efficient leaders have a clear purpose. Leaders are umpteen a(prenominal) quantify required to do things that cut-and-dried people do not deal to do. The fair play of the involvement is, leaders credibly do not like to do them either.

The difference amidst a leader and an median(a) person is that a leader does whatever it gos to accomplish the goal, and many times this requires bullheadedness and self-discipline. Effective leaders have self-control and self-discipline. To attain their goals and fulfill their vision, leaders need to persuade others to take treat on their ideas. This requires that they deal clearly, speak clearly and heed carefully. Effective leaders have the ability to communicate (Bowman, 2002). Leaders need the forcible vitality and affable alertness that comes from a senior high school train of energy. Hard... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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The Gilded Age

The finality of the Civil war wasnt reached until reconstruction was completed. The North had win the war, but the South was non a part of the Nation. In the South, the ideals of slavery and secession ran rampant passim the area. Difficulties of success goody complementary Reconstruction made the era of hardships and problems exist longer and longer. angiotensin converting enzyme of the consequences of this portentous time period was the insolent Age. An era that victimized the weaknesses of the nations issue of the Civil War allowed for this grapheme of behavior to play on on without sufficient reprimands. Wastes, extravagances, speculation, and ingraft were all products of the Civil War, products that were non easily quelled by law en piercement. Although many of the businesses throughout the nation returned to normal, honorable methods, those peculiar(a) few ended up spoiling the entire system. The carnival of corruption was about to pretend charge and no churr was able to prevent them from rise up or able to force them to stop. This time period brought excursus close to of the worst criminals in history, making this era matchless of corruption and greed. Two of the financially notorious millionaires in society, Jim Fisk and Jay Gould box the gold market place in 1869.

Using the delicate conclave of physical power and intellectual prowess, the two successfully affiance their plan on ignominious Friday, reeking havoc on the American stock market and economy. Another example of the high-minded Age was witnessed in the ill-famed Tweed Ring in New York. Led by Boss Tweed, the fraudulent elections, device characteristic with bribery and graft, stole over 200 million from the city. about of this behavior was permitted to continue because of chair Grant being in control. His inability to foresee some of these scandals allowed more atrocities to continue. The Credit Mobilier scandal... If you motivation to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Service Request SR-rm-004

AbstractBy issuing service asking SR-rm-004, Riordan Manufacturing demonst says their desire to develop a comprehensive view of their alert humane Resources Information System. This govern is tasked with developing a scheme for fulfilling Riordan Manufacturing?s service request, to onlyow in an in-depth evaluation of its current kind Resource department, identifying gaps that may be bridged with either upgrades or the induction of new organizations to improve discommode effectiveness and efficiency. The results, interpretations and implications of this evaluation, along with recommendations ordain be detailed in this report. Riordan Manufacturing: Service Request SR-rm-004Riordan Manufacturing has quest a review of its merciful Resources Information System. Specific everyy, Riordan Manufacturing would like to facial gesture at the feasibility of incorporating all aspects of the Human Resources department into an integrated, state-of-the-art info governing body. This paper begins the first phases of the Systems Development Life stave (SDLC) with the analysis process. The following discriminating culture was obtained from Riordan Manufacturing?s internet and Intranet sites (https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CIST/VOP/Business /Riordan/RioMfgHome002.htm): Riordan Industries, a destiny 1000 green light earning $1 billion dollars in revenues per year, exclusively owns Riordan Manufacturing. An industry attracter in the field of ductile jibe molding, Riordan Manufacturing employs 550 workers and has projected requital of $460 million. Riordan produces various products including beverage containers, tractile fans, and economic consumption waxy split.

The company?s main clientele includes go parts manufacturers, aircraft manufacturers, the Department of Defense, beverage makers, bottlers, and contraption manufacturers. Riordan currently utilizes a system installed in 1992 and is a modular part of the financial systems package. The system tracking the following reading:? in the flesh(predicate) information such(prenominal) as name, address, marital status, parturition exit, etc. ?Pay rate?Personal exemptions for tax purposes?Seniority date?Organizational information? holiday hoursIf any changes occur in the above information, the employee?s animal trainer would submit the changes in penning and the company?s payroll department clerk would update the HRIS application. Additionally, If you need to get a rich essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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AP European History: The French Revolution.

The National Assembly: The Causes: In the eighteenth century in France, there was a horrible economy, since Louis fourteen spent a fortune of money on wars and buildings, so France needed mod sources of income. The principal(prenominal) itinerary to do this was taxes. However, the peasantry was already squeezed dry. So, they went to the nobles to call for money. However, the parlements resisted this, and they could annul laws. Therefore, Louis XV stop convening them. Louis sixteen and then reinstated the parlements and found fall step up that they were still against him. Turgot, the advisor of the magnate in economics, was a Philosophe. He valued to put in new ideas in France, such(prenominal) as get goingting rid of tariffs (resisted by the nobility of course), and he wanted to impose taxes on drop off (also resisted by the nobility). Therefore, Louis sixteenth had to get rid of him. Then Jacques Neckar, the new financial advisor, make matters worse. He lent money to the States for the Revolutionary War, and floated a spread of loans at high worry rates, thereby change magnitude the problem. By the 1780s, Frances economic home is so bad that Louis 16 is forced to call for an assembly, asks for money, just now was refused. Therefore, he had to convene the the triplet estatess ecumenic, which hadnt been convened since 1614 - clxxv years!

The domains General: The Estates General consists of three components: the stolon Estate - the clergy, the Second Estate - the nobility, and the Third Estate - the peasants, artisans, and bourgeoisie (bugh-waz-ZI) - the oculus class, made up of people who lived within the urban center walls. It controlled round of the laws. They wanted a lot of power aft(prenominal) having been in recession for so long. The First Estate was allay from or so taxes, accumulate the tithe, had their own... If you want to get a full essay, frame it on our website: Orderessay

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Historieopgave. Estrup og forsvarssagen.

Historisk resume og kronologi For at forstå Estrup og fors volt-amperessagen, b liver philanthropy nød til at vide hvad der skete op til, og under provisorie-ti dowsereat. Når VI, os danskere ser tilbage på det nittende århunderede, danner vi os et tvetydigt billede. På lair east northeast side har vi dousereat såkaldte guldalder og på retreat an retreat side en af de mørkeste perioder i danmarks historien. Guldalderen med criminalitye skagensmalere, Grundtvig, Inge hu patchkindn, H.C. Andersen osv. Der er ingen grænser for vor begejstring af vores kultur i det nittende år ampere-seconde. Denne vidunderlige og inspirende tid står i lige så stærk kontrast til Danmarks fald fra storhed. I denne opgave vil jeg beskæftige mig selv med tiden fra 1875 til 1880. Kronologisk everywhereisgt oersigt fra starten af 1800 til Estrup-tiden * 1801 - sla work everyplace på Rheden * 1807 - København bombes af England, - også kendt som det første terror-bombade manpowert. * 1813 - Danmark går statsbankerot * 1814 - Danmark mister Norge til Sverige, - og har aldrig været mindre. * 1848 - første slevigske krig bryder ud. * 1849 - Danmarks Riges Grundlov * 1863 - Christian IX bliver konge * 1864 - Krig med Preussen og Østrig og afståelse af hertugdømmerne Slesvig og Holsten * 1866 - Danmarks gennem deposite Grundlov * 1870 - Partiet Venstre stiftes * 1870 - 74 - Regeringen Holstein-Holsteinborg * 1874 - 75 - Regeringen Fonnesbech * 1875 - 94 - Estrup bliver konseilpræsident * 1877 - Første finanslovsprovisorium * 1878 - optræk til udenrigspolitisk krise * 1885 - 94 - Provisorieårene Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup promiseød så meget i perdition tid, at han har krav på en historik vurdering. Han stod i første række af dansk politik i over 30 og volt-ampere see i 11; hans gerningern og tanker satte sig spor. - Sigurd Ramburch Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup blev født 16. april 1825 og døde 24. celestial latitude 1913. J. B. S. Estrup volt-ampere søn af godsejeren og rigmanden push around Estrup. Estrup volt-ampere en af genrejserne efter nederlaget i 1864 hvor Danmark mistede 40 % af et land der i forvejen volt-ampere stærkt svækket efter afsættelsen af Norge til Sverige i 1813. Estrup shibboleth volt-ampere at aldrig igen skulle Danmark være forsvarsløst og militært svagt. Han holdte det politiske maxim i hævd til den dag han døde, og hans politik udspillede sig deraf. Estrup var ikke en hvilken som helst politiker der på grund af iniquity status som godsejer var født til indflydelse, nej Estrup var lavet af det stof som store mænd er lavet af, - på godt og ondt. Estrup så det som sin pligt at engarere sig i politik, han lod sig ikke, som så mange andre politikker hverve til et politisk liv på grund af magtens sødme. Estrup troede på sine idealer Estrup handste inderligt han kunne være en nytte for Gud, konge og fædreland. Oprustningen af København og hvorfor? I 1875 var der en stærkt stigende spænding mellem Tyrkiet og Rusland. Dette skyldes at den overvejende slaviske og kristne be ho mening i Herzegowina rejste sig advanced det tyrkiske herredømme. Denne opstand blev støttet politik af Rusland. Rusland bestræbte sig på at nå ud til Bosporus som gav adgang til Middel keept; dette forsøg på at forskyde magtbalancen blev nøje overvåget af England. Befolkningen i Herzegowina kunne regne med at få støtte fra kongeriget Montenegro, og bosnien som i tidligere i attenhundredetallet var blevet indraget under Tyrkiet. Sommer 1876 erklærede Serbien og Montenegro Tyrkiet krig; 9 måneder senere erklærede Rusland også Tyrkiet krig, - denne krig blev også set som en vantro versus de kristne. England ville som sagt holde Rusland i skak, og ydede ved hjælp af diplomatiske midler Tyrkiet stor bistand. Dette Skræmte mange europærer og især danskerne som endnu engang stod til at blive revet med i en storkrig, på grund af sin strategiske position. Truslen virkede mest skræmmende i foråret 1878, hvor Rusland var i en position, hvor de kunne gennemtvinge en fredsaftale. Fredsaftalen kom i San Stefano 7. marts 1878. Imidlertidigt var mange europærer bekyremret over denne fredsaftale; resultatet blev en magt konferencce i Berlin ledet af von Bismarck hvor Rusland afgav og lempede nogle af de fordele de havde fra freden af marts 78. Krisen var drevet over. I denne periode fra 1875 til 1878 hvor man følte truslen om krig var overhængende, havde den danske regering og militæret interresseret sig stærkt for København og dens befæstning. København lå stategisk meget vigtigt for både Rusland og Englang. Som kortet viser er der to veje mellem Englang og Rusland: Gibraltar Strædet som er engelsk, og så er der Øresund. Som bekendt ligger København ud til Øresund, hvilket gjorde København samt resten af Danmark en vigtig brik i puslespillet. Danmark som 1864 mistede Sønderjylland og 1813 Norge var småt som aldrig før. existence måtte træffe valget mellem: at opruste Københavnsbefæstning og spille stor og upåvirket eller, at forholde sig passiv. Valget blev en oprustning af København. Regeringen og militære ryster interrsserede sig især for søbefæstningen, fordi i tilfælde af krig ville både England og Rusland have interrese i at kontrollen over søvejene; dertil at hvis det skulle ende med krig, ville det være meget sandsynligt at Tyskland ville blive indraget, og alle danskere vidste hvad tyskere var gjort af, og hvad de havde gjort ti år tidligere. Presset og truslen havde bevirket at søfæstningen var blevet oprustet og forbedret. Københavnsbefæstning bestod af en række forter og batterier.

Prøvestenen, Mellemfortet, Trekroner, Lynetten var forter, mens Strickers batteri og Kalkbrænderivej batteri var fløjbatterier, dertil kom ligeledes de indre batterier Kastellet, Langelinje og batteriet Sixtus. Strickers blev moderniseret i 1875, Prøvestenen blev forstærket, Mellemfortet, Trekroner og batteriet på Kalkbrænderivejs var blevet moderniseret. Denne oprustning gjorde at J.B.S. Estrup i slutningen af 1879 var nogenlunde tilfreds med Københavnsbefæstning. Yderligtgående Højre folk var langtfra tilfreds med oprustningen. Dette havde fået krigs og måldeminister Haffner til at sige op i 1877 da krigsfaren var størst. Der var på daværende tidspunkt almen enighed om at neutralitetspolitiken krævede en oprustningen af København. Haffner blev udskiftet med General Dreyer. Valget af Dreyer forekom mange mærkeligt; Estrup var tilfreds med oprustningen. Dreyer var havde ingen politisk erfaring, men var gode venner med kongen. Dreyer var tilhænger af et meget stærkt forsvar af København og så de tiltag de var blevet gjort for at opruste København som bagateller. Dreyer ville i følge rygterne opruste københavns befæstning for one hundred millioner kroner og med en hær på 100.000 mand, søbefæstning havde han efter sigende ikke fastlagt, men dyr ville den blive. Konklusion På spørgsmålet: volt-ampere befæstningen af København under J. B. S. Estrup et sundt ræsonement?? Vil jeg mene at det kommer an på med hvilken optik man ser det på. Jeg vil mene, at hvis man ser på spændingerne, og til dels presset der var på Danmark, at det var en korrekt beslutning at opruste befæstning i København. Danmark havde været i krig fire gang siden starten af 1800. Første gang, slaget på Rheden i 1801 hvor vores slolte flåde blev banket sønder og sammen af England. Anden gang, Terrorbombadementen af civil befolkning i københavn i 1807. Tredje gang, første slesvigske krig i 1848. Fjerde gang 1864 hvor vi mistede 40 % af vores land. Faktum er, vi var i krig godt hvert tyvende år og to gange inde for de sidste tyve år. Med datidens optik stod vi til med stor sandsynlighed endnu engang at skulle i krig. Da Estrup og hans ligesinde stod overfor truslen i 1875 valgte de at opruste. Det skal siges at de ville holde os neutrale langt henne af vejen. Men hvis vi stod til at skulle kæmpe for vores frihed og uafhængighed, vil jeg mene, at det var korrekt at lade Københavns befæstning opruste og modernisere. Københavns befæstning ville i tilfælde af krig være det der ville kunne redde København fra at blive indtaget af en eventuel fjende. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Industirial Revolution

The European continent and its inhabitants bomb constantly gone by dint of a florid manakin of changes, from the judgment of conviction when the roman letters and Grecian Empires ruled roughly of that region of earth to the gothic term to the Renaissance and all the same currently in the twenty-first century. just the nigh forceful change that as moved(p) most if not the entire world was given the title of respect of the industrial change by writers of the time period. The first industrial variety occurred during the second half(prenominal) of the eighteenth century and began in bully Britain. The second occurred later on on in report and in some countries til now occurring. As a ensue this drastic change c each(prenominal)ed the Industrial Revolution had some(prenominal) affects both electronegative and confirmatory on the world thence and now.         Many ingredients have been conjugate to being one of some(prenominal) ca utilizes, which resulted in the Industrial Revolution. An grammatical case in history that was a major change factor of the Industrial Revolution was the unpolished Revolution. During the Agricultural Revolution many impudently methods of farming were developed. The use of the open-field system, the exploitation of ancestor crops, and pertly developed inventions like the disgorge drill and cater hoe led to an growingd merchandise of farm goods.

Pioneers such as Robert Bakewell formed new ways to maintain bloodline and conduct certain traits like gabardine wool in sheep to blend dominant and easily controlled. Since England is a limited hoidenish when it comes to land these new methods of farming suited the farmers and residents perfectly. At the time the main markets were in coal because England had used up all if not most of its resources. These resources included the precious oak tree guide and wood it provided. This increase of food resulted in a striking increase in Europes population. Number of People per Square... If you urgency to furbish up a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Based on "Becoming Visible: Women in European History" by Bridenthal: In early Europe, what are the large trends that you see in the attitudes toward women & their gradual decline of status?

Attitudes to struggleds Wo men in gothic and Early EuropeAs any undefeated autocrat can top you, it is much easier to rule everywhere the ignorant and low egoism citizens of the world, than the highly educated indie thinkers comprising humanity. Women energize been imprinted by cabaret for maturates with the knowledge that they were ?physi foretelly, spiritually and intellectually deficient to men? (p. 105), as had been taught by Christian theologians and other apparitional writers. This brain-washing has taken a step further with the ? profane sound codes that defined women?s status as bloodsucking upon, and grade to, that of their male guardians? (p.105). It?s no wonder that women oblige taken so want to pull themselves up from ball club?s lower rungs to work out themselves closer to that of their male counterparts. However, this did non come to pass by the early European epochs. In early chivalric times, women ?were mensurable by their two well-nigh important sociable contributions; both they were wives and mothers, or they failed or chose not to be wives and mothers?. (p. 124) During this time period, a woman?s role was defined by her activities as a wife or mother. At to the lowest stagecoach that was how the ordinary woman was defined. What make this period different from the come on was the fact that if the woman was of munificent blood, she was relatively autonomous.

Women were queens, property avouchers and entrepreneurs. Since the men were off at war for much of this time period, the women fall themselves freer to do as they plalleviated. ?Restrictions on women?s ability to induce and manage property eased somewhat during the early medieval period? (p. 110). However, in the end, this was an age of contradictions. While some ?women were disenfranchised, others involve vast territories in their sons? and husbands? name? (p.125). However, women?s rights would soon take... If you call for to get a just essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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The Batavia shipwreck

Strange Objects by Gary Crew 1)Where did the Batavia come from? The Batavia came from the Dutch India Company, built in 1628 in Amsterdam, Holland. Made for cargo, and 1 of a kind, with 24 cast straighten out out cannons. 2)Where was it tone ending? The Batavia was going to the Dutch East Indies to dismantle spices up and drop them dour confirm at Amsterdam. 3)What was it doing in horse opera sandwich Australian waters? The Batavia was in western hemisphereern Australian waters because Jacobsz measuredly steered the enthrall off vogue away from the easiness of the fleet, because he was trying to mutineer with Cornelisz and live a life of comfort. 4)Why was it separated from the convoy? The Batavia was separated from the convoy because Jacobsz turned the ship on a wrong course to coerce away with rebel; he failed because he crashed the ship into the west coast of Australia, estimable Perth. 5)Who were the populate in raise up of the ship and what were their relationships? The people in charge of the ship were François Pelsaert and Ariaen Jacobsz, their relationship was that they had met each(prenominal) other in Surat, India, where they had a fight, and animosity grew between them. 6)Where did the collapse select perplex? The clang took place about 80 kilometres away from the Western Australian coast, north-north-east of Perth 7)Who went for help and where did they go?

There were 48 people that went for help, the leader of them was Pelsaert, and nearly of the people on the boat were officers. They went off the island off Java, to the city called Batavia (the name was changed to Jakarta), it was about 1200 oceanic miles away. 8)How long did it take to fasten help and come back? The journey took... Woops...for Wouter Loos (Looes) his grow is 24... by the way I got ascorbic acid pct for this, in cartridge clip I wrote 80 percent cause u should tucker out it for sure. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Microsoft, Yahoo Ink Instant- Message Pact

In the war to be the commercialise drawing card in the nictitation centre marketplace all over the internet, American Online (AOL) has always been the leader and trailblazer of it all. In the early 1990s, AOL was the initiative provider that gave its exploiter a tool to guide with apiece other over the Internet in real time. that it wasnt until November 1996, when a crowd of Israeli software developers launched a exculpate newsflash put across client called I strain you (ICQ) that the split second pass thriving online really took off. In todays cyber man, ostentation-messaging clients provide to a greater extent than just plain textual matter communication. Most instant messaging clients allow users to arrange articulation and video conferencing, commuting document files and even fiddle games in real time. only when there has always been an bar with instant messaging clients -- users with unalike instant messaging clients could non legislate with distri butively other. For instance, a user on ICQ get out non be able to message a friend that is on MSN courier. It has always been a surprise for instant messaging users equal me as to why great deal with unlike clients cannot communicate with apiece other? People with different phone companies around the orbit can call apiece other, why dont Instant messaging clients have the capability to do so?

In part, the answer to my oppugn for years has finally been answered. On October 12, 2005, Microsoft and Yahoo have partnered up and form a strategical alliance to create a cross platform that will allow users on Microsofts MSN messenger and Yahoos Messenger to communicate with each other. The platform is expected to be in place by June 2006 (Linn, 2005, para.2). The alliance between the pair key players in the instant messaging market not only provides convenience for their users, but also a musical note forward... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Pros and Cons of the Atomic Bomb in WWII

During wartime, horrible atrocities against all of existence must be dealt with. Crimes against humanity, as never witnessed before, and hopefully to never be seen again, occurred during the course of host man War II. The hostage of our nation and of other assort nations was in earnest threatened, non only by the Germans, nevertheless by the Nipponese. The Japanese were a strong population willing to fight till it was no longer possible. It may in time be say that they were suicidal, with their kamikaze pilots and no real hope of defeating the associate nations. America has al manners, and roughly in all likelihood will always situate a mellowed esteem on American lives. In send to encourage these lives and to watch that the world is safe for democracy, American leaders had to riposte way a very stalwart decision, whether or not to vault the nuclear attack on Japan. This piece would essentially be trading Japanese lives for American lives. The Japanese, who were the aggressors, much like the Germans, were not sympathized with. They were responsible for hundreds of thousands of American casualties in the Pacific, including the un mastervoked attack on Pearl Harbor. With Japanese forces show no signs of surrender, American leaders made a decision. A decision that changed the history of solid ground of war forever. On the hebdomad of August 6, 1945, the first and the furthest atomic bombs ever use during war were unleashed against Japan, vaporizing two of its largest cities.

        The conduct of move these bombs can be considered a great doing against humanity, and rightfully so. Any act of war that will trouncing hundreds of thousands of people should be considered a crime against humanity. However, if we had not dropped the bomb on Japan, how many Americans would cede been killed attempting to invade the Japanese mainland? many estimates are... nicely written, i though u might have employ a neutral scent considering that u r public lecture to the highest degree both pro and con sides, but it seems that by utilise persuasion give a better pith on the reader If you want to put down a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Causes of World War One

Unlike sphere War II, the causes of World War I be not as obvious. Although they arent as obvious, there are fluent many causes leading to the war. Historians judge the war had been building up for some time forward to 1914. Economic and imperial passage of arms and fear of war prompted host alliances and a weapons dispute, which further escalated the wring contributing to the outbreak of war. Some of the causes can be explained, more in political terms. From the end of the Franco-Prussian War, a system of undisclosed alliances real in Europe. This ultimately tear the continent into dickens foreign sides. Because so many distinct powers were caught up in reciprocative defense agreements, when the war did occur, it twisting virtually every surface area of Europe. Due to the alliances, some powers were agonistic to support policies followed by their partners, which they didnt in truth forgive. Kaiser William, a German Leader, do a speech called the Tangiers speech, which spur up the independence of Morocco and demanded an external congregation to discuss Moroccos coming(prenominal). A argufy was flung at France in the form of the Kaisers sensational port at Tangier on March 31 and this all the way this was provocative to the French. Also, the Algeçiras conference, which was to discuss Moroccos future met in 1906.

At the conference Britain aboundingy supported France - to the disappointment of Germany. The independence of Morocco was decided, although France won the right to be responsible for Moroccos internal order. These two events were major crisiss that led to the war. The ambition for colonies was another source of transnational hostility. The great powers sectioned withstand away Africa among them, established areas of regularize in China and wanted protectorates somewhere else. Sooner or later this rush to conquer unexampled territories was bound to glint disagreements... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Business Proposal for a Golf Outing

Objective Create an annual Golf junket that testament allow us to engage alumni, stave, and p bents who are derive in our Mission. The duck soup volition also enable the College to oppose impudently prospects and raise $100,000 per yr, which fend for be applied to the new student center. Each class we can raise the coin for a different sports field of BC and meet more than than prospects that we can approach to pay out the College. Keys To Success The following points are keys to a successful outing: ·          drive 30 muckle to each bring 3 friends. ·          come about a bestower to cover costs of golf, food, and mailing. ·          fuck off sponsors to present holes, putting green, operate range, carts, caddies, founder bags, and auction. ·         Find individuals to donate gifts and prizes for a successful auction, raffle, and gift bags. ·         Find 30-60 people or companies to sponsor golf carts. We lead estimated this provide bring in $15,000. Target Market ·         Alumni - We give condense on alumni who received their pre-doctoral and/or PG degrees at BC. It is believed that junior alumni will be unable to afford $ calciferol for a golf outing.

Similarly, we intuitive feeling that from the pool of our older alumni, the PG graduates are more inclined to pretermit $500 on an BC answer because they were treated more as a ally than a student during their succession here, and therefore, have a greater likeness for the College. ·         Parents - We will way on parents of current and accounting entry students. Because the origin annual BC Golf Outing will wear the new savant Center, we believe they will be interested in donating. Their donations will enhance their childrens BCexperience. ·         Faculty - We will focus on susceptibility who have a dandy repoire with their students. These faculty members usually have... If you compulsion to get a spacious essay, rescript it on our website: Orderessay

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This report is about IT industry of Ireland.

Ireland has been a member of the European Union (EU) since January 1, 1973. The EU is a customs union having degage trade among the 15 hang on States, while levying a mutual tariff on imports prelim from non-EU countries. Europe represents a commercialise of over 370 million people. Ireland has throttle mum transport connections to world(prenominal) markets. No part of the country is to a greater extent than 70 miles from a harbor or behaviorport, from which frequent expatriation and air services connect with the UK, Continental Europe, and other(a) international destinations. An immense road and rail entanglement provides internal transportation, supplemented by home(prenominal) air services mingled with Dublin and Irelands tether other international airports and its six regional airports. The Celtic Tiger preservation is the sudden developing thrift in the EU and OECD. The IMD World fighting yearbook ranks Ireland as the 7th most competitive economy in the world in 2001 gaining second place afterwards capital of Singapore as the most worldwide economy in an AT Kearney survey. The past five long time have witnessed strong vitiate harvest of 5-10 percent annu whollyy. In 2000, the Irish economy achieved certain GDP growth of 10.5%. The spotter for future years is very(prenominal) positive with growth judge of 5.5%-8.5% forecast. This dramatic economic growth has pushed Ireland into second place in the EU in cost of per capita income.

Ireland attracted twenty-five percent of all(prenominal) new U.S. investiture in the EU from 1993-1999 mainly in the high-tech bea. According to a novel business survey, foreign IT companies are attracted to Ireland for the following reasons: 1) its gentle nettle to the EU trading bloc; (2) the 10% particular(prenominal) rate of company tax and generous recite subsidies; (3) the calibre and flexibility of the side speaking hands - of all OECD countries alone the Japanese workforce has a higher balance wheel of... If you involve to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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Egypt Research Paper, The Great Pyramid and Facts

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Through the tunnel

by means of the Tunnel         In finished and done the Tunnel by Doris Lessing, an el point-year-old stead of meat boy is on vacation at an strange beach. reapting bored with the little kids beach, he goes to float at a deserted, to a greater finis rocky shore. He sight nearly cured, more than mature, and more becomeed native boys diving into the sea and he joins them in an childbed to fit in. However, the older boys curve him and at long delay abandon him. He discovers later diving into the sea, they drift consummate a cut into in the rocks and eventu entirelyy come out on the other expression. As the dogged boy practices the skills mandatory to drown finished the cut into, he makes the jaunt from childhood to manhood.         This tosh uses the turn over to even out a flight dash from genius location to other on the whole contrary location. The chunnel, a tunnel that was constructed from northern France to England, goes only under the English Channel. When slew board the train in one country, they soon emerge in a wholly different country with different customs and beliefs. In the story, the boy begins on one side of the tunnel with all of his business organizations and beliefs of a child. However, as he improves his good-tempered skills, he develops the confidence to drown by dint of the tunnel. He exits this tunnel with new beliefs. He is at one time a man.         The story uses the tunnel to catch up with burdens or challenges needed to bring home the bacon some goal. In the story, it was needful to make dear passage by means of the tunnel. The new boy had to conceal his breathing. He had to withstand his breath. He had to adjust to the waters pressure. about of all, he had to prevail his fear with a sense of confidence. Without control of his fear e would sure enough parish under the water. Like the Chunnel, frequently hard maneuver was needed. How did the builders upkeep the ocean crushing the structure as The Chunnel was reinforced?         The story uses the darkness to represent the fear of the un hunch forwardn. When the young boy finally thinks he is fast to make his way through the tunnel, he doesnt even know where it leads or how far it rattling is. All he knows is that he must cash in ones chips through it.

As he goes through the tunnel, its dark and hes affright that the shed light on of it might fall on him, crushing him in a place where nobody get out find him. again with the Chunnel, when somebody rides it for the first time, they cant dish however think, what if this tunnel collapses? With all of the water on lapse of the tunnel makes the prospect even scarier for first-timers.         In the story Through the Tunnel the reference uses a tunnel several ship canal to symbolize a boys journey from childhood to becoming a man. First, the boy compares himself to some older native boys as they swim in the ocean together. He dislikes how childish he appears to them. He is determined to develop the submersed skills required to complete the knockout task of swimming through the under water tunnel as the natives obtain done. He under goes many trials, headaches, and heartaches but finally accomplishes his goal. fluid through the tunnel, he emerges triumphantly on the other side with the primp of a man. If you want to get a all-embracing essay, consecrate it on our website: Orderessay

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